Return To Catalogue - Brazil 1843 issue, cancels - Brazil 1844 - Brazil 1850-1865 - Brazil 1866-1890 - Brazil 1891-1920 - Fiscal stamps, part 1 - Fiscal stamps, part 2 - Miscellaneous
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(Genuine stamps)
30 r black 60 r black 90 r black
Value of the stamps |
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vc = very common c = common * = not so common ** = uncommon |
*** = very uncommon R = rare RR = very rare RRR = extremely rare |
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| Value | Unused | Used | Remarks |
| 30 r | RRR | RR | |
| 60 r | RR | RR | |
| 90 r | RRR | RRR | |
For Brazil 1843 issue, cancels, click here.
Forgeries:
Forgeries of these stamps exist. There are 17 different kinds of forgeries known. Very old forgeries were made by Spiro in 1864, Zechmeyer made 3 different forgeries in 1890, followed by Erasmus Oneglia in 1897 and Giovani Patroni, also in 1897. In the 20th century forgeries were made by M.Mercier in 1910 (Mercier is the predecessor of the famous forger Fournier) and Jean de Sperati in 1914 (only the 60 r and 90 r). I'm not sure if the above date '1910' for Mercier is correct, since he went bankrupt in 1904 (source: Tyler, 'Philatelic Forgers, Their Lives and Works'). The other forgeries are of unkown makers (Source: http://www.firstissues.org/ficc/details/brazil_1.shtml). More information is also available at: http://www.philatoforge.co.uk/index.html.
In most forgeries the network of lines of the background is different from the genuine stamps. Examples:
Spiro forgeries:
(Reduced sizes)
There is a chain pattern around the inner shaded region in these Spiro forgeries. This pattern is not present in the genuine stamps. I've only seem them with the cancel 'RIO DE JANEIRO' in circular cancel (no date).
Parts of sheets clearly showing the cancels on the Spiro
forgeries.
These forgeries were described as early as 1864 in 'The Stamp Collectors Magazine' (1st October 1864); page 155. I presume they were only produced in sheets of 25 stamps (5 x 5). The cancels appear to be printed on the sheet.
Zechmeyer forgeries:
Some of the Zechmeyer forgeries have a typical 'VF' cancel that can be found on forgeries of many other countries.
Oneglia forgeries:
In this forgery of the 90 r, the '9' and '0' are touching each
other, in the genuine stamps, there is a clear space between
them. It is attributed to the forger Oneglia. I've also seen it
with a cancel consisting of parallel lines.
Oneglia forgeries of the 30 r and 60 r values
I've been told that these stamps are Oneglia forgeries as well,
but they don't resemble the Oneglia forgeries shown above.
Patroni forgery:
I've been told that this 60 r stamp with cancel 'BAHIA' between
two horizontal lines is a Patroni forgery.
The left bottom part of the '3' is not forked as in the genuine
stamps; the top part of the '3' does not have any curl; possibly
a Patroni forgery
According to the information on http://jfrubel.home.mindspring.com all three values were forged by Giovanni Patroni. They first appeared around 1897 and always(?) have the above 'BAHIA' cancel. In the 30 r, the '3' and '0' are larger. Similar for the 90 r, where the '9' and '0' are larger. The side ornaments in the 60 r are smaller than in the genuine stamps.
Mercier forgery:
This is a Mercier forgery of the 90 r value, I have no further
information, reduced size
Fournier forgeries:
A forged Fournier cancel as can be found in 'The Fournier Album
of Philatelic Forgeries', 'CORREIO GERADACORTE 12(?) 18(?) 8 44'
possibly used on forgeries of this issue. Note that there is no
'L' in 'GERADACORTE' (it should be 'GERALDACORTE').
This forgery appears to have the above forged cancel (Reduced
size)
This forgery also has the above forged Fournier cancel.
Other forgeries:
Forgery of the 30 r value.
Two forgeries made by the same forger (see the upper pearl for
example).
Sperati forgeries (60 r and 90 r only):
60 r:
Image obtained from: http://www.seymourfamily.com/rfrajola/Sperati/speratiindex.htm
(Probably a Sperati forgery)
This forgery is made by photo-lithography, while the genuine stamps are engraved. The cancels always seem to be one of the following: 'PELOTAS' or 'Victoria' in a straight line, 'MACEIO' in a framed rectangular box, or 'CORREIO GERALDACORTE' in a double circle, with dates either '30/8 1844', '4/9 1844', '14/9 1844', '6/3 1845' or '28/7 1845'. The dates apparantly are always one of the above. See pictures below for examples.
Cancels used by Sperati, reduced sizes; note that the cancel
'14/9 1844' is missing
Sperati forgery of the 90 r value with applied cancel (reduced
sizes)
The distinguishing characterisitc for the 60 r Sperati forgery,
indicated with an arrow.
Front and backside of a Sperati forgery of the 60 c value with a
red 'VICTORIA' cancel; I've also seen the 60 c Sperati forgery
with a black 'VICTORIA' cancel.
90 r:
Sperati forgery of the 90 r value
(Sperati forgery?)
Some kind of modern(?) replicas.
Others:
Other stamps that I do not trust